PANCASILA MERESPON PARA PENGANUT NONAGAMA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59029/int.v4i2.51Kata Kunci:
Pancasila, Nonagama, Agama, Sila, NegaraAbstrak
Prinsip “Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa” adalah harga mati selama Pancasila hidup. Sehingga, setiap proses berbangsa dan bernegara harus didasarkan kepadanya. Hal ini menjadi persoalan ketika dihadapkan dengan fenomena nonagama di tengah prinsip ketuhanan di Indonesia. Bagaimana seharusnya Pancasila melihat ini dan apa yang mestinya masyarakat lakukan menghadapi fenomena ini. Pendekatan ini berbasis kualitatif yang memfokuskan kajian pada literatur. Hasilnya, memang tidak ada ruang bagi nonagama dalam ketatanegaraan Indonesia, karena sejak awal bangsa ini dibangun atas dasar Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa. Namun, hal itu bukan menjadi alasan untuk bertindak tidak adil, terutama kepada kelompok nonagama. Sebab, Pancasila maupun konstitusi negara telah menjamin kehidupan warga negaranya, termasuk pilihan hidupnya. Oleh karena itu, Pancasila sebagai falsafah negara harus tetap dipertahankan, namun membumikan nilai-nilai Pancasila di masyarakat untuk menjadi warga negara beradab adalah suatu keharusan yang tidak hanya dilakukan oleh masyarakatnya tapi juga oleh negara.
Referensi
Adhayanto, O. (2015). Implementasi Nilai-nilai Pancasila sebagai Dasar Negara dalam Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 5(2), 1–12.
Akbar Hadiprabowo, M., Wasino, W., & Kurniawan, E. (2024). Pancasila in modern Indonesian legal reform: Addressing current cases and international debates on ideology and law. Journal of Law and Legal Reform.
Al-Chaidar. (1998). Reformasi Prematur: Jawaban Islam terhadap Reformasi Total. Jakarta: Darul Falah.
Arifin, R., Putri, N. M., Aksan, M. A., & Linda, A. M. (2023). Pancasila values in the new Indonesian criminal code: Does the code more humanist? Journal of Law and Legal Reform, 5(2), 311–330.
Arifin, R., Riyanto, R. B., Fibrianti, N., & Karsinah, K. (2024). Advancing Pancasila through community engagement: The contribution of universities to ideological and national awareness in Kenteng Village. Indonesian Journal of Advocacy and Legal Services.
Azra, A. (2006). Pancasila dan Identitas Nasional Indonesia: Perspektif Multikulturalisme (Dalam Rest). Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Boiliu, N. I., Sihombing, A. F., Sampaleng, D., & Simanjuntak, F. (2022). Human rights: The convergence of the second sila of Pancasila and Hans Küng’s global ethics in Indonesia. HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies, 78(4), 1–9.
Bullivant, S. (2020). Explaining the Rise of “Nonreligion Studies”: Subfield Formation and Institutionalization Within the Sociology of Religion. Social Compass, 67(1), 1–17.
Bullivant, S., & Lee, L. (2016). A Dictionary of Atheism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Cheruvallil-Contractor, S., Purdam, K., & Weller, P. (2021). Much More Than a Negation of Religion: A Qualitative Exploration of the Diversity of Non-Religious Identities in England and Wales. Journal of Contemporary Religion, 36(2), 329–348.
Colella, L. (2020). Freedom of religion between globalisation and new nationalisms: Brief remarks on USA and India in comparative perspective. Diritto Pubblico Comparato Ed Europeo.
Cragun, R. T. (2016). Nonreligion and Atheism. In D. Yamane (Ed.), Handbook of Religion and Society (pp. 301–320). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
Creswell, W.John; Creswell, J. D. (2022). RESEARCH DESIGN : Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. SAGE Publications, 283.
Cribb, R. (2010). The historical roots of Indonesia’s New Order: Beyond the colonial comparison. Soeharto’s New Order and Its Legacy, 67.
Detik.com. (2024). Ini Alasan Indra dan Raymond Minta MK Bolehkan Warga Tak Anut Agama.
Djunatan, S., Haq, M. Z., Viktorahadi, R. F. B., & Samosir, L. (2024). Kiat Sukses Menulis Karya Ilmiah Bagi Mahasiswa. Bandung: Gunung Djati Publishing.
Duile, T., & Ricardo, V. (2024). The (im)possibilities of public atheism in Indonesia: Legal perspectives and social practices. Advances in Southeast Asian Studies.
Ergun, A. (2022). Citizenship, National Identity, and Nation-Building in Azerbaijan: Between the Legacy of the Past and the Spirit of Independence. Nationalities Papers, 50(4), 813–830.
Galen, L. W., & Kloet, J. D. (2011). Mental Well-being in the Religious and the Non-religious: Evidence for a Curvilinear Relationship. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 14(7), 673–689.
Hadi Kusuma, J., & Susilo, S. (2020). Intercultural and religious sensitivity among young Indonesian interfaith groups. Religions, 11(1), 26.
Hangabei, S. M., Dimyati, K., & Absori, A. (2021). The ideology of law: Embodying the religiosity of Pancasila in Indonesia legal concepts. Law Reform: Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum, 17(1), 1–15.
Hasani, I. (2016). The decreasing space for non-religious expression in Indonesia: The case of atheism. In Religion, law and intolerance in Indonesia (pp. 197–210). Routledge.
Hastangka. (2018). Politik Pemaknaan atas Pancasila pada Era Pascareformasi. Waskita: Jurnal Pendidikan Nilai Dan Pembangunan Karakter, 2(2), 1–12.
Hidayahtulloh, M. A. (2024). Ideological contestation and gender policy reforms in post-Reformasi Indonesia. Journal of Contemporary Asia.
Hutt, D. (2025). Agama sebagai Identitas Indonesia, Bagaimana Nasib Ateis? Deutsche Welle. Retrieved from https://www.dw.com/id/agama-sebagai-identitas-indonesia-bagaimana-nasib-ateis/a-71534465#:~:text=Apakah ateisme lazim di Indonesia,menentukan konstitusionalitas atau inkonstitusionalitas hukum.%22
Juergensmeyer, M. (2019). Religion and nationalism in Asia. In G. Shani & T. Kibe (Eds.), Religion and Nationalism in Asia. Routledge.
Kadir, A., Gunarto, Hussain, A.-A.-M., & Taher, M. A. (2025). Measuring the consistency of Pancasila rule of law implementation in ensuring judicial independence in Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum Unissula, 11(1), 45–62.
Karjono, Riyanto, B., Kurniawan, E., & Nayan, N. (2024). Pancasila and the long shadow of Suharto’s authoritarianism, 1966–1998. Paramita.
Koalisi Advokasi KBB Indonesia. (2025). Jalan Sunyi Para Agnostik dan Ateis di Indonesia: Dianggap Ancaman Bagi Orang Beriman, Hingga Rentan Didiskriminasi.
Lee, L. (2012). Research Note: Talking about a Revolution: Terminology for the New Field of Non-religion Studies. Journal of Contemporary Religion, 27(1), 129–139.
Levin, J., Bradshaw, M., Johnson, B. R., & Stark, R. (2022). Are Religious “Nones” Really Not Religious?: Revisiting Glenn, Three Decades Later. Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion, 18(7), 1–29.
Lubis, M. R. (2005). Meretas wawasan dan praksis kerukunan umat beragama di Indonesia dalam bingkai masyarakat multikultural. Departemen Agama, Badan Litbang Agama dan Diklat Keagamaan, Puslitbang ….
Mackey, C. D., Silver, C. F., Rios, K., Cowgill, C. M., & Hood, R. W. (2020). Concealment of Nonreligious Identity: Exploring Social Identity Threat among Atheist and Other Nonreligious Individuals. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 24(5), 860–877.
Madung, O. G., & Mere, W. S. (2021). Constructing modern Indonesia based on Pancasila in dialogue with the political concepts underlying the idea of human rights. Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights, 5(1), 1–20.
Magnis-Suseno, F. (1987). Etika Dasar. Masalah-masalah Pokok Filsafat Moral. Penerbit PT Kanisius.
Marzuki, M., hajjiah Hasibuan, N., & Fitri, S. A. (2025). Pancasila In Islamic Perspective. Jurnal Scientia, 14(01), 1–8.
Mujiburrahman. (2022). Reformulation of Competency Development of Lecturers of State Islamic Religious Universities in Indonesia After Covid-19. Asian Journal of University Education, 18(1), 15–33. https://doi.org/10.24191/ajue.v18i1.17165
Mujiburrahman, M., Nuraeni, N., Astuti, F. H., Muzanni, A., & Muhlisin, M. (2021). Pentingnya pendidikan bagi remaja sebagai upaya pencegahan pernikahan dini. COMMUNITY: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 1(1), 36–41.
Muttaqin, A. I. (2023). Implementation of Religious Moderation in Islamic Religious Education at Bustanul Makmur High School Genteng. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 12(2).
Neo, J., & Scharffs, B. G. (2021). Religious nationalism and religious freedom in Asia: Mapping regional trends in a global phenomenon. Asian Journal of Law and Society, 8(1), 1–23.
Perez, S., & Vallières, F. (2019). How Do Religious People Become Atheists? Applying a Grounded Theory Approach to Propose a Model of Deconversion. Secularism and Nonreligion, 8(3), 1–14.
Peucker, M. (2020). Muslim community volunteering: the civic-religious ‘culture of benevolence’ and its sociopolitical implications. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 46(11), 2367–2386. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2018.1543020
Pew Research Center. (2023). Religiously Unaffiliated People Face Harassment in a Growing Number of Countries.
Pradana, T. M. W. (2018). Application of the Constitutional Court’s decision on the recognition of the flow of trust in Indonesia in order to realize SDG’s 2030 points 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institution): Case study in Cening Village, Singorojo District, Kendal Regency. Lex Scientia Law Review, 2(2), 145–160.
Prakoso, P., Rokhman, F., & Handoyo, E. (2024). Pancasila as a foundation for legal reform: Evaluating the impact of civic education on Indonesian legal systems. Journal of Law and Legal Reform.
Pramono, K Y, & Bagir, Z. A. (2021). Meninggalkan Agama: Identifikasi, Stigma, dan Diskriminasi Warga Non-Agama di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Pramono, Krisna Yogi, & Bagir, Z. A. (2021). Meninggalkan Agama: Identifikasi, Stigma, dan Diskriminasi Warga Non-Agama di Indonesia. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Retrieved from https://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/penelitian/detail/204166
Ramage, D. E. (1995). Politics in Indonesia: Democracy, Islam and the Ideology of Tolerance. London: Routledge.
Razak, A. N. Q. A. (2017). Agama Konstitusi (Operasionalisasi Nilai Toleransi Pasal 29 UUD NRI Tahun 1945 Untuk Sinergitas Antar Umat Beragama di Indonesia). Zawiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam, 3(2), 127–143.
Rideng, I. W., Wijaya, I. K. K. A., & Saripan, H. (2022). Dimensions of water resources regulation in philosophy of justice and human rights perspective. Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies, 7(1), 23–40.
Rifa’i, Y. (2023). Analisis Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif dalam Pengumpulan Data di Penelitian Ilmiah pada Penyusunan Mini Riset. Cendekia Inovatif Dan Berbudaya: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 1(1), 31–37.
Rohmawati, H. S. (2022). Studi Pandangan Ateis terhadap Agama. Syekh Nurjati: Jurnal Studi Sosial Keagamaan, 2(2), 1–16.
Roy, R., Purkayastha, B., & Narayan, A. (2025). Gendered patterns of counter-dissemination: Hindu women navigating religious nationalism in the United States. Sociological Bulletin, 74(2), 1–20.
Saiya, N. (2024). Christian nationalism’s threat to global democracy. The Review of Faith & International Affairs, 22(3), 233–246.
Saragih, E. S. (2018). Analisis dan Makna Teologi Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa dalam Konteks Pluralisme Agama di Indonesia. Jurnal Teologi “Cultivation,” 2(1), 290–303.
Saragih, W., & Fitrianti, D. (2023). Religious and Culture Views in the Life of Indonesian People. Proceeding The 1st Annual International Forum Research on Education, Social Sciences Technology and Humanities (IFRESTH), 1, 9–16. Berpusi Publishing.
SETARA Institute. (2024). SIARAN PERS KONDISI KEBEBASAN BERAGAMA/BERKEYAKINAN (KBB) 2024. SETARA Institute. Retrieved from https://setara-institute.org/siaran-pers-kondisi-kebebasan-beragamaberkeyakinan-kbb-2024/
Shimada, Y. (2022). Authoritarianism and constitutional politics in post-authoritarian Indonesian society: Reemergence or legacy. Brawijaya Law Journal, 9(1).
Siallagan, H., & Syuhada, O. (2023). The Role of Pancasila in the Formation of National and Regional Regulations. Journal of Law and Sustainable Development, 11(3), 1–18.
Siregar, E. H., Utomo, C. B., & Sholeh, M. (2024). Pancasila in the context of Indonesian legal reform: A critical evaluation and international debate. Journal of Law and Legal Reform.
Soeprapto, S. (2014). Konsep Inventif Etika Pancasila Berdasarkan Filsafat Pancasila Notonagoro. Yogyakarta: UNY Press.
Speed, D., Coleman, T. J., & Langston, J. (2018). What Do You Mean, “What Does It All Mean?” Atheism, Nonreligion, and Life Meaning. Sage Open, 1–13.
Stroope, S., Rackin, H. M., & Froese, P. (2021). Christian nationalism and views of immigrants in the United States: Is the relationship stronger for the religiously inactive? Socius, 7, 1–12.
Sturm, T. (2018). Religion as nationalism: The religious nationalism of American Christian Zionists. National Identities, 20(3), 1–16.
Suryana, A. (2019). The state and religious violence in Indonesia: Minority faiths and vigilantism. In The State and Religious Violence in Indonesia: Minority Faiths and Vigilantism. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429284724
Syamsuddin, M. D. (2002). Etika Agama: Dalam Membangun Masyarakat Madani. Jakarta: Logos.
The Conversation. (2017). Kaum sekuler dan ateis Indonesia hidup di bawah bayang-bayang stigma.
The Conversation. (2021). Why It Matters that 7 States Still have Bans on Atheists Holding Office.
Thiessen, J., & Wilkins‐Laflamme, S. (2017). Becoming a religious none: Irreligious socialization and disaffiliation. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 56(1), 64–82.
Tirto.id. (2020). Bahaya Laten Tafsir Tunggal Pancasila ala Jokowi dalam P4.
Tongat. (2012). Pancasila sebagai Dasar Falsafah Negara dan Makna Filosofisnya dalam Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana Nasional. Masalah-Masalah Hukum, 41(3), 399–406.
Tsoraya, N. D., Asbari, M., & Santoso, Gu. (2022). Pancasila dan Agama: Telaah Singkat Pemikiran Yudi Latif. Jurnal Pendidikan Transformatif, JUPETRA, 2(1), 15–18.
Wagoner, J. A., Belavadi, S., Gardikiotis, A., & Antonini, M. (2025). Ideological religious nationalism: Measurement, construct validity, and cross-cultural comparisons. Journal of Social Psychology, 165(2), 145–163.
Wagoner, J. A., Diarra, M., Barbieri, B., & Antonini, M. (2025). Different images of God predict religious nationalism among Christians. Political Psychology, 46(1), 21–35.
Wahid Foundation. (2022). Intoleransi Masih Tinggi, Wahid Foundation Gandeng Media dan Kesbangpol Jateng Gerakkan Sekolah Damai. Wahid Foundation. Retrieved from https://wahidfoundation.org/index.php/news/detail/Intoleransi-Masih-Tinggi-Wahid-Foundation-Gandeng-Media-dan-Kesbangpol-Jateng-Gerakkan-Sekolah-Damai
Wilkins-Laflamme, S. (2022). And Then There were None: Regional Dynamics of Non-Religious Identities, Beliefs and Practices among Canadian Millennials. Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses, 52(3), 358–380.
Wilson, D. (2024). World’s Most (And Least) Religious Countries, 2024.
Wohlrab-Sahr, M., & Kaden, T. (2014). Exploring the Non-Religious: Societal Norms, Attitudes and Identities, Arenas of Conflict. Archives de Sciences Sociales Des Religions, 167, 105–125.
Zvyagelskaya, I. D. (2024). Religious nationalists in Palestine and Israel: Back to the start? Polis. Political Studies, 32(2), 99–115.
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Sidik Permana, Fanny S. Alam
Artikel ini berlisensiCreative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)
You are free to:
Share - copy, and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
This license is acceptable for Free Cultural Works - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/